¿Memoria oficial o literatura testimonial? El libro "Comuna 13 de Medellín, El Drama del Conflicto Armado" del policía Yoni Alexander Rendón Rendón / Is it Official Memory or Testimonial Literature? The book "Comuna 13 de Medellín. El Drama del Conflicto Armado" by the policeman Yoni Alexander Rendón Rendón

Resumen: El artículo analiza el libro "Comuna 13 de Medellín. El Drama del Conflicto Armado" publicado por Yoni Alexander Rendón Rendón, en 2007 cuando el autor era patrullero de la Policía Nacional, en una las zonas más violentas de Colombia: los barrios populares de Medellín. El libro se analizó en sus dimensiones textuales y extratextuales lo que permitió clasificarlo en el género testimonial y en algunos de los universos discursivos sobre el conflicto urbano, lo que explica su inserción exitosa en las disputas sobre la verdad de lo ocurrido en la Comuna 13 en octubre de 2002 en la operación Orión.

Abstract The article analyzes the book "Comuna 13 de Medellín. El Drama del Conflicto Armado" published by Yoni Alexander Rendón Rendón Rendón, in 2007 when the author was a patrolman of the National Police, in one of the most violent areas of Colombia: the popular neighborhoods of Medellín. The book was analyzed in its textual and extratextual dimensions, which allowed it to be classified in the testimonial genre and in some of the discursive universes on the urban conflict, which explains its successful insertion in the disputes about the truth of what happened in Comuna 13 in October 2002 in the Orion Operation.

Trauma e testemunho em Ferenczi: uma análise de Vozes de Tchernóbil de Svetlana Aleksiévith / Trauma and testimony in Ferenczi: an analysis of Voices from Tchernóbil by Svetlana Aleksiévith / Trauma et témoin chez Ferenczi: une lecture du livre La Supplication de Svetlana Aleksiévitch / Trauma y testimonio en Ferenczi: una lectura de Voces de Chernóbil de Svetlana Aleksiévitch

O artigo aborda as noções de trauma e testemunho elaborados por Sándor Ferenczi e os articula com o livro Svetlana Aleksiévitch acerca do desastre nuclear de Tchernóbil. Nosso objetivo foi demonstrar a validade das observações de Ferenczi em relação a um trauma coletivo, organizado em torno de três eixos: a dissimetria relacional, o processo de desmentido e o narcisismo ferido. Através da leitura do livro pode-se compreender como a escritora teve seu papel aproximado daquele designado por Ferenczi.

This article approaches the concepts of trauma and testimony as elaborated by Sándor Ferenczi and associates them to Svetlana Aleksiévitch's book about the nuclear disaster of Chernobyl. It aims to show the value of Ferenczi's observations on collective trauma by highlighting three topics: relational dissymmetry, process of denial and wounded narcissism. Aleksiévitch's book allowed us to understand in what ways the author's role resembles the one described by Ferenczi.

Cet article discute les notions de traumatisme et de témoignage tels que développés par Sándor Ferenczi et les compare avec le livre de Svetlana Aleksiévitch sur la catastrophe nucléaire de Tchernobyl. Notre but est de montrer la valeur des observations de Ferenczi sur le traumatisme collectif, organisé autour de trois points : la dissymétrie relationnelle, le processus de déni et le narcissisme blessé. La lecture du livre d'Aleksiévitch permet de comprendre la façon dont le rôle de l'auteur se rapproche de celui désigné par Ferenczi.

Este artículo analiza las nociones de trauma y testimonio, elaborados por Sándor Ferenczi, y se articula con el libro de Svetlana Aleksiévitch sobre el desastre nuclear de Chernóbil. Nuestro objetivo fue demostrar la vigencia de las observaciones de Ferenczi con relación a un trauma colectivo, organizándose alrededor de tres ejes: la asimetría relacional, el proceso de negación y el narcisismo herido. A través de la lectura del libro se puede entender que el papel de la escritora se acercaba al designado por Ferenczi.

BETWEEN PSYCHOANALYSIS AND TESTIMONIAL SPACE: THE ANALYST AS A WITNESS.

The aim of this article is to think of the place of the witness as a third place that the analyst, in the clinical space of trauma, is able to sustain. According to Ferenczi, in traumatic dreams a third is already being summoned. It is not the witness of the realm of law, nor the place of the father or the symbolic law. This is a third space that can be called potential, interstitial space, indeterminate and formless, where something that at first would be incommunicable circulates and gradually takes shape. This space allows and supports the literalness of a testimonial narrative, its hesitations, paradoxes and silences. More than a trauma theory, the notion of a potential space would be the great contribution of psychoanalysis to the treatment of trauma survivors, establishing the difference between the task of a psychoanalyst and the one of a truth commission.

The Enigma of Extreme Traumatism: Trauma, Exclusion and their Impact on Subjectivity.

My aim is to discuss the immediate effects of extreme trauma and to speculate on its long term effects. The formulations associated with the Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome generate an overly medicalized view of trauma, grossly underestimating its devastating impact. Catastrophic traumatic experience rips a hole in the representational continuity of psychic life; neither representations nor narrations are generated. Instead, a representational emptiness occurs, such that what has taken place cannot be shared or transmitted. The cathartic word becomes a robotic mocking of the interchange between human beings. There is no internalization, no ability to make the experience subjective. The resulting deep splitting in the psyche is characteristic of extreme traumatism, and its balance or perpetual working through is elaborated in this paper.